In October 1871, the Great Chicago Fire took everything she had. In 1867, yellow fever struck Memphis, carrying away George and all four children. Mary Jones helped nurse survivors, then moved back to Chicago. She had taught school as a young woman, but now being around children was too painful. She put her dress-making skills to work and started a small business downtown. Williams-Myers, Long Hammering: Essays on the Forging of an African-American Presence in the Hudson River Valley (1994).Jacqueline Goldsby, A Spectacular Secret: Lynching in American Life and Literature (2006).Michael J, Pfeifer, Rough Justice: Lynching and American Society 1847-1947 (2004).Amy Wood, Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890-1940 (2009).Heather Cox Richardson, The Death of Reconstruction: Race, Labor and Politics in the Post Civil War North, 1865-1901 (2001).Hers’ was the classic American story of humble beginnings. The Harris family came to North America from County Cork, impoverished refugees from the Irish Potato Famine. In just a few years beginning in 1845, a million Irish died of hunger and disease, and another million, like Mary Harris’s people, fled. Her path took her to Toronto Monroe, Michigan Chicago and finally Memphis, where she met and married a union iron-molder named George Jones. They had four children together. Essential Reading:Philip Dray, A Lynching at Port Jervis: Race and Reckoning in the Gilded Age (2022).Philip Dray, At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America (2003).Recommended Reading:Richard Brown, Strains of Violence: Historical Studies of Violence and Vigilantism (1975).Dan Carter, Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South (1979).A.J. The murder of Robert Lewis by a mob has great significance for how we remember the past and consider the present day. Acclaimed historian and author of civil rights Philip Dray tells a different story, of a lynching in New York that rocked the small town of Port Jervis. Throughout the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, lynching took place across the country, even if we think of it as a phenomenon exclusive to southern states.
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